286 resultados para Staphylococcus spp

em Repositório Institucional UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho"


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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Staphylococcus spp. are opportunistic microorganisms known for their capacity to develop resistance against antimicrobial agents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on 20 Staphylococcus strains isolated from the human oral cavity, including S. aureus, S. schleiferi, S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. haemolyticus, and S. lentus. A suspension of each Staphylococcus strain (10(6) cells/mL) was submitted to PDT using methylene blue and a low power laser. The isolated effects of methylene blue, laser treatment and ciprofloxacin were also evaluated. After the experimental treatments, 0.1 mL aliquots of the suspensions were seeded onto BHI agar for determination of the number of colony-forming units (CFU/mL). The results were analyzed by analysis of variance and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The mean reduction in bacterial counts of the strains submitted to PDT ranged from 4.89 to 6.83 CFU (log10)/mL, with the observation of a decreasing susceptibility to treatment of S. schleiferi, S. haemolyticus, S. epidermidis, S. capitis, S. aureus, and S. lentus. The results showed that PDT was effective in reducing the number of viable cells of all clinical Staphylococcus isolates studied.

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The aim was to evaluate the presence of Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonadaceae in the oral cavities of HIV-positive patients. Forty-five individuals diagnosed as HIV-positive by ELISA and Western-blot, and under anti-retroviral therapy for at least 1 year, were included in the study. The control group constituted 45 systemically healthy individuals matched to the HIV patients to gender, age and oral conditions. Oral rinses were collected and isolates were identified by API system. Counts of microorganisms from HIV and control groups were compared statistically by a Mann-Whitney test (alpha = 5%). The percentages of individuals positive for staphylococci were similar between the groups (p = 0.764), whereas for Gram-negative rods, a higher percentage was observed amongst HIV-positive (p = 0.001).There was no difference in Staphylococcus counts between HIV and control groups (p = 0.1008). Counts were lower in the oral cavities of patients with low viral load (p = 0.021), and no difference was observed in relation to CD4 counts (p = 0.929). Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated species in HIV group, and Staphylococcus epidermidis was the prevalent species in the control group. Significantly higher numbers of enteric bacteria and pseudomonas were detected in the oral cavities of the HIV group than in the control (p = 0.0001). Enterobacter cloacae was the most frequently isolated species in both groups. Counts of enteric bacteria and pseudomonas were significantly lower in patients with low CD4 counts (p = 0.011); however, there was no difference relating to viral load. It may be concluded that HIV group showed greater species diversity and a higher prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae/Pseudomonadaceae. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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A presença de leveduras do gênero Candida e Staphylococcus na cavidade bucal humana é de extrema importância, pois podem atuar como microbiota suplementar e em determinadas situações causar doença bucal ou sistêmica. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi estudar a prevalência de Candida spp. e Staphylococcus spp. na cavidade bucal humana. Enxagüe bucal foi coletado de 68 indivíduos segundo a técnica proposta por Samaranayake e MacFarlane e a seguir semeados em ágar Sabouraud dextrose com cloranfenicol e ágar Baird-Parker. Após crescimento, os microrganismos foram isolados e identificados através de provas bioquímicas. Os dados foram analisados através de análise de variância (ANOVA). Leveduras do gênero Candida foram encontradas em 61,76% dos indivíduos examinados, sendo C. albicans a mais frequentemente isolada. Staphylococcus spp. foram isolados em 95,60% das cavidades bucais, sendo 41 cepas (63%) coagulase-negativas. Das cepas coagulase-positivas, nove eram S. aureus, 11 S. hyicus, e quatro S. schleiferi subespécie coagulans. Não foi observada correlação entre as contagens (UFC) de Candida spp. e Staphylococcus spp. encontradas nos enxagües bucais dos indivíduos examinados.

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Staphylococcus spp. não são usualmente isolados a partir da cavidade bucal. Quando presentes, são considerados pertencentes à microbiota transitória. Indivíduos que apresentam doença periodontal representam possíveis reservatórios dessas bactérias oportunistas na cavidade bucal. O uso de antibióticos para o tratamento da doença periodontal ou outras infecções pode predispor o aumento do número de Staphylococcus spp. na boca, pois estes adquirem facilmente resistência aos antibióticos, podendo resultar em superinfecção. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a presença de Staphylococcus spp. na cavidade bucal e nas bolsas periodontais de pacientes com periodontite crônica; identificar as cepas isoladas; verificar a relação entre a presença de Staphylococcus spp. na cavidade bucal e presença de bolsa periodontal. Participaram deste estudo 88 pacientes, entre 25 e 60 anos de idade e apresentando periodontite crônica, com pelo menos dois sítios com profundidade de sondagem maior ou igual a 5mm. Após anamnese e exame clínico periodontal foram feitas coletas de material da bolsa periodontal com cones de papel e da cavidade bucal por meio de bochechos. do total de pacientes 37,50% apresentaram Staphylococcus spp. na bolsa periodontal e 61,36% na cavidade bucal, sendo que 27,27% apresentaram a bactéria nos 2 sítios. S. epidermidis foi a espécie mais prevalente para bolsa periodontal (15,9%) e cavidade bucal (27,27%). Não houve diferença estatística significante quanto à presença desses microrganismos entre as faixas etárias e aumento da profundidade de sondagem. A presença de bactérias oportunistas na cavidade bucal pode representar dificuldades para a manutenção do tratamento periodontal.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Water from dental equipment presents risks for surgeon-dentists as well as for patients because it might work as a means of dissemination/ transmission of microoganisms. The objective of this study was to verify the quality of the water used in dental equipment by means of microbiological analysis, accomplishing the count of Staphylococcus spp.There have been collected, 160 samples of water from reserviors, taps used for hand washing, air-water syringes, and high-speed handpieces, in 40 dental offices in the city of Barretos, São Paulo. The rules concerning bacteriotogicaI analysis in cfu/mL from Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater have been followed. The analysis of the results has made it possible to verify that out of the total of samples, 28% did not meet the standards of potability established by the American Dental Association: Regarding the origin of analyzed S. aureus., the most contaminated sites were high-speed handpicces in private offices (761%) and in, ental care plan offices (71%), followed by air-water syringe in dental care plan offices (64%). For S. epidermitis samples, the most contaminated sites were high-speed handpieces in SUS (Brazilian Government Health System) dental offices (22%) and in dental care plan offices (14%) The most contaminated sites were dental offices that saw Patients under dental care plans, Concerning tested antibiotics, the ones that presented better results as to sensibility to strain S. epidermidis were vancomycin and ciprofloxacin (100%) and, as to sensibility to strain S. aureus, it was ciprofloxacin (97%).

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Pós-graduação em Biologia Geral e Aplicada - IBB

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Fisiopatologia em Clínica Médica - FMB

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Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV